Posted by
skep41 on Sunday, September 07, 2008 7:34:06 PM
In
1956, when the Geneva Accords went into place and the French withdrew
from Vietnam a little-noticed event occurred; more than a million
people fled the new government in North Vietnam. Of those that stayed
millions more died or were sent to concentration camps by a regime more
brutal than the hated French Colonialists had ever been.
There were
people, even then, who counseled against any kind of US involvement in
the region but at the time Malaya was a primitive backwater that had an
active revolution of its own going on. Thailand was another
impoverished agricultural society with hill tribes and old Kuomintang
Army units ruling tiny local fiefdoms with a very weak government.
Ditto Burma. Indonesia was already sinking into communism under
Sukharno. The Domino theory, fifteen years later universally derided,
was absolutely valid in this instance. Russia and China were still
working in tandem. The myth of the Red Revolution was at its high tide.
Mao Tse Tung was looked on in the region as the savior of the common
man. This was an entire region that was about to fall into the hands of
the communists. Doing nothing would have been a piece of rank madness.
If there
was a Cold War we
were obliged to fight it wherever it was, not just in Europe. We had
already stood aside and let the innocent people of the North be
enslaved by a communist government and had seen the human cost. Average
people didn't know anything about it, of course, but the geopolitical
'experts' in the CIA and the State Department were looking at an
entire, very strategic region on the brink of falling into hostile
hands.
Over the next few years it became clear that the leaders in
the North were as committed to using violence to conquer the South as
they were to using violence to rule the North. They armed, trained and
directed groups of local recruits who became known as the Viet Cong.
The
Kennedy brothers, alarmed at the deteriorating situation decided that
the solution to the problem was the removal of the corrupt and
ineffective leader of South Vietnam Ngo Dinh Diem. Despite warnings
from Vice President Johnson the Kennedys backed a coup against Diem
that ensured that the US would have to either write off Vietnam and see
if the Domino Theory was valid by trying it out or increasingly have to
use its own military resources to keep South Vietnam from falling to
the communists.
From the first the war, micromanaged by Johnson and
the civilian bureaucrats at DOD, suffered from a lack of being able to
define what the objective was. American troops developed innovative
mobile tactics that integrated air, artillery and infantry as never
before. The communists were militarily completely inferior but were
able to use the fictions of Cambodian and Laotian sovereignty and the
timidity and confusion of the leadership in Washington to protect their
forces and supply lines from total annihilation. The American troop
strength was built up piecemeal over a year and a half. The objectives
were always local and limited. When the commander, General
Westmoreland, asked for a larger force and permission to cross the
fictitious Laotian border to cut the Ho Chi Minh Trail Johnson recoiled
in horror. In 1968 LBJ had a nervous breakdown in office. He resigned
when he didn't want to resign. He bombed. He called bombing halts. He
was seen weeping and pounding his fists on the walls. The Eastern Elite
who Johnson envied and hated but who he secretly wanted to admire him
more than the lightweight and incompetent Kennedy had turned against
the war and were cursing Johnson for not 'ending' it; whatever that
meant. Were they really so blind to what the consequences would have
been to a US bug-out in 67 or 68?
It would have been a strategic
disaster that would have brought great joy and encouragement to our
enemies all over the world and terrified our allies into accommodation
and eventual absorption by The Evil Empire.
The advent of Nixon and
Kissinger changed the situation but not at once. After a year or so of
irresolution similar to Johnson's Nixon determined that the Vietnam War
had to be dealt with by changing the strategic reality in the entire
world. Russia and China had been adversaries since 1964 and China was
in the paralyzing throes of the Cultural Revolution. US foreign policy
started aiming to balance and pit the two rival communist superstates
against each other. Nixon also began to concentrate on training the
South Vietnamese Army to take on the bulk of the fighting with US air
and logistical support and by 1971 the US Force was much smaller than
it had been two years earlier. Much else had changed. The NVA and the
Vietcong had lost most of their former territory. The RVNs, with US air
support were winning the war. It took one last flurry o

f
violence in Christmas of 1972 to achieve a peace accord and a final US
withdrawl of almost all military units. For the next two years there
was an uneasy peace of sorts but as soon as Nixon fell and it was clear
to everyone that sending millions of people into slavery and death was
OK with the Democrats the NVA, in open and direct violation of the
Paris Peace Accords, attacked using tanks and moving as a traditional
conquering army. Without US support the South collapsed.
So why do I
say we won? We won because during the critical twenty years that we
were involved there all the countries in Asia which were in danger of
falling to the communists became much more wealthy and well-developed
while it became clear that life in Mao's China was almost unlivable.
Russia and China became mortal enemies. We had developed the only
military with operational experience and the military world noted our
innovations in weapons and tactics. We had developed an officer corps
filled with combat veterans who were used to working together,
something that no other army in the world had. When the massacre in
Cambodia and the thousands of boats filled with desperate people
fleeing their 'liberators' in Vietnam filled the headlines it became
certain that there would be no more gains for communism in the region.
The Dominos had grown roots in those twenty years and now could stand
on their own.
Communism expanded after the perceived US defeat in
Vietnam. South Yemen, Mozambique, Angola, Guinea-Bissau, Benin,
Guinea...all on the tanker route between the West and The Gulf fell to
Russian/Cuban rule. The worst President in US history invited the
Soviets into Nicaragua from whence they began insurgencies in Guatemala
and El Salvador. Finally the Soviets invaded Afghanistan and outran
their resources.
But that expansion is nothing compared to what it
would have been if Robert Kennedy had won the election in 1968 and
acted on his rash promise to cut and run as quickly as possible.
The people who did the

heavy lifting in this business, the guys who had to do the dirty work,
a large number of them draftees plucked reluctantly from America's
giant 1960s sex and drug party, had no idea why they were in this
dangerous jungle or scrubland instead of cruising Van Nuys Boulevard in
their car after work trying to pick up chicks. It never made sense but
history tells us now that what these dudes were doing was saving the
world. They held the dike against the Great Flood. They did their tours
and went back to their lives unless they were among the unfortunates
who were killed or maimed. But no noise was made in any event. The only
TV shows about Vietnam Vets show them to be losers who suffer frequent
psychotic episodes or movies like 'Platoon' or 'Apocalypse Now' which
portray them as murderous thugs. They were robbed of a 'thank you' from
their country and ignored or ridiculed by a world that somehow had come
to believe that the communists had decided to be peaceful and that
opposing them militarily was a form of aggression. But in the last few
years; as our forces in Iraq have been treated to the same sneering
contempt and obstruction by the people who hate our country, foreign
and domestic, I look at the amazing Victory that these Americans have
achieved over a merciless and bloodthirsty enemy and I think of those
other Americans, now completely vindicated by history, who did their
duty and made more of a difference in the course of human history than
almost any other group of people on earth; a difference that helped
save an entire planet from slavery.